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Onyvax's Approach
Cell Vaccines
Onyvax is developing Cell Vaccines for the treatment of cancer,
based on proprietary cell lines (cells that grow indefinitely in
culture) from a range of common cancers such as those of the prostate,
colon, breast and kidney. The Company has derived banks of these
cell lines, which express a broad range of known cancer-specific
markers (antigens), as well as many targets that have yet to be
identified. This is especially important when little is known of
the repertoire of markers produced by certain types of cancer, as
is the case with prostate cancer. Because cancer cells also mutate
rapidly, a drug or vaccine targeting only a single marker may not
attack all the cells in a tumor, leading to resistance and rapid
disease recurrence. Onyvax believes its Cell Vaccine approach has
the potential to overcome these obstacles by correcting for both
the immune deficit caused by cancer and simultaneously targeting
multiple tumor markers.
Each of Onyvax's Cell Vaccines consists of a combination of multiple
cell-lines that represent different stages of the particular cancer.
Because there is only one vaccine formulation for each cancer type,
these vaccines can be manufactured in bulk under optimized conditions.
There is also increasing evidence that because the cells are not
matched to the patient - and therefore viewed as foreign by the
immune system - they are capable of generating a more potent immune
response. During the manufacturing process the cells are inactivated
so they cannot reproduce in the human body.
Onyvax-105
Onyvax is also developing a cancer treatment made from a human
monoclonal antibody that attacks a molecule known as CD55, which
functions as part of a tumor's defense against immune attack. CD55
switches off one of the major mechanisms by which immune antibodies
kill targeted cells, and attacking it both reverses this phenomenon
and identifies the molecule as another immune system target. This
approach has potential both as a monotherapy (used alone) and in
combination with other cancer vaccines.
Onyvax's cancer therapies have been shown in clinical studies to
be safe and well tolerated, especially compared with conventional
therapies -- the most common side effects have been mild, transient
flu-like symptoms and irritation at the injection site. Onyvax's
vaccines are administered on an out-patient basis and currently
designed to complement existing therapies.
Onyvax Scientific Publications (from 2004)
- click the title to open a window containing
the abstract
PAPERS
Cancer Vaccines – will we ever
learn?
Robert Johnson, Anthony Walker, Stephen Ward.
Expert Reviews in Anticancer Therapy January
2009
Pre-treatment frequency of circulating
IL-17+CD4+T-cells, but not Tregs, correlates with clinical response
to whole-cell vaccination in prostate cancer patients
Evelyna Derhovanessian, Victoria Adams, Karin Hähnel, Andrea
Groeger, Stephen Ward, Graham Pawelec
International Journal of Cancer. Submitted
October 2008
A
novel murine model of allogeneic vaccination against renal cancer.
Havranek EG, Labarthe MC, Ward S, Anderson CJ, Whelan MA, Pandha
H.
BJU Int. 2008 May;101(9):1165-9.
A
novel murine model of allogeneic vaccination against prostate cancer.
Labarthe MC, Theocharous P, Russell N, Todryk S, Bangma C, Thraves
P, Dalgleish AG, Whelan MA.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2008 Apr;57(4):453-65.
Technical
challenges facing therapeutic cancer vaccines.
Ward S, Copier J, Dalgleish A.
Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel. 2008 Mar;11(2):168-77
Cell
based cancer vaccines: regulatory and commercial development.
Copier J, Ward S, Dalgleish A.
Vaccine. 2007 Sep 27;25 Suppl 2:B35-46.
Cancer
vaccines as a therapeutic modality: The long trek.
Dalgleish AG and Whelan MA.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2006 Aug;55(8):1025-32.
The
biological effects of syngeneic and allogeneic cytokine-expressing
prophylactic whole cell vaccines and the influence of irradiation
in a murine melanoma model.
Labarthe MC, Halanek N, Birchall L, Russell N, Desel C, Todryk S,
Peters MJ, Lucas A, Falkenberg FW, Dalgleish AG, Whelan M, Ward
SJ.
Cancer Immunolology and Immunotherapy. 2006
Mar;55(3):277-88.
Delayed
Disease Progression after Allogeneic Cell Vaccination in Hormone-Resistant
Prostate Cancer and Correlation with Immunologic Variables
Agnieska Michael, Graham Ball, Nadine Quatan, Fatima Wushishi, Nick
Russell, Joe Whelan, Prabir Chakraborty, David Leader, Michael Whelan,
and Hardev Pandha.
Clin Cancer Res 2005 Jun;11(12)
Novel
immunotherapeutic approaches to prostate cancer.
Dalgleish A, Whelan M.
Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2005 Feb;7(1):30-4.
JOURNAL – GUEST EDITORS
Therapeutic
cancer vaccines.
Ward S, Dalgleish A.
Vaccine. 2007 Sep 27;25 Suppl 2:B1-3
POSTERS AND PRESENTATIONS
Serum free medium one of the keys to
successful cytokine ELISPOT assay standardization in a multicenter
trial
W. Zhang, M. Ahmad, E. Tartour, A. DeLeo, G. Gaudernack, F. Jotereau,
P. Laidler, C. Baxevanis, E. Naumova, A. Line , N. Aptsuari, A.
Walker R. Rees, P. V. Lehmann, S. McArdle
PIVAC (oral)
October 2008
An immune screening platform to enrich
for cancer vaccine responsive HRPCa patients
V. C. Adams, G. Ball, C. Lemetre, R. Rees, S. J. Ward;
ASCO-EORTC Annual Meeting on Molecular Markers
in Cancer
October 2008
Frequency of IL-17-producing CD4+ T-cells
in blood correlates inversely with clinical responses to whole-cell
vaccination therapy in prostate cancer
Evelyna Derhovanessian, Karin Hahnel, Andrea Groeger, Victoria Adams,
Stephen Ward, Graham Pawelec
Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy: Realizing
the Promise
September 2008
Artificial Neural Network Based Algorithm
For Biomolecular Interactions Modelling
Christophe Lemetre, Lee James Lancashire, Stephen Ward, Victoria
Adams, Robert Rees, Graham Roy Ball
BSPR, Cambridge, UK
July 2008
Prostate Cancer Biomarkers to predict
response to Immunotherapy
B. Matharoo-Ball, C. Lemetre, V. Adams, E-M Inderberg Suso, S. Ward,
G. Gaudernack, G. Ball, R. Rees
HUPO, Amsterdam, Netherlands
July 2008
Frequency of IL-17-producing CD4+ T-cells
in peripheral blood correlates with clinical response to whole-cell
vaccination therapy in prostate cancer patients
Evelyna Derhovanessian, Karin Hähnel, Andrea Groeger, Victoria
Adams, Stephen Ward, Graham Pawelec
CIMT, Mainz, Germany
May 2008
Vaccine Therapy – The Impact
of the Engineering Environment on cells during processing,
McCoy, R, Ward S and Hoare M
EFB Symbiosis 2007 13th Annual Congress, Barcelona,
Spain
November 2007
Vaccine Therapy – The Impact
of the Engineering Environement on cells during processing: Human
Cells for Prostate Cancer Therapy
McCoy, R, Ward S and Hoare M.
Bioprocess UK Annual Conference, Cardiff,
November 2007
Onyvax prostate cancer vaccine: Clinical
responses and surrogate biomarkers
Adams, V., Matharoo-Ball, B., Ball, G., Rees, R., Ward, S. J.
For oral presentation CVADD, Heidelberg, Germany
October 2007
The Impact of the Engineering Environement
on cells during processing,
McCoy, R, Ward S and Hoare M
Bioprocess UK Annual Conference, Edinburgh,
UK
November 2006
Allogeneic Cell Therapy: The impact
of the Engineering Environment on cells during processing,
McCoy, R, Ward S and Hoare M
IMRC Briefing, UCL, London, UK
October 2006
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